You just got a call back from that company you had the interview with and…you didn't get the job. Although you may be bummed out, transform this rejection into an opportunity for self-improvement. Politely ask the caller for feedback on your application and interview skills and the overall impression you made. Many employers will be happy to (briefly) discuss your strengths, weaknesses and suitability for the position. Use that feedback to make changes to your resumé, cover letter and interview behaviour so the next time you answer the phone, it's to say "yes" to a job offer.

Before you write a cover letter for that specific position, think up a few words that may give you an edge over the competition. Many professions use a specific jargon, so including it will demonstrate that you know what you're talking about. Don't be too casual in your letter but stick in at least one or two insider words. This may make your letter convincing enough to get the company to call you for an interview. One more thing: make sure you do know what you're talking about.

"Hello, hire me please! I'll do anything. Anything. Please?!" That's nice, but maybe the opening line of your cover letter should be slightly catchier. Actually, it should be as catchy as it is well-written -- the opener should hook the employer in right away. Too cute or too dull ("I would like to apply for the position of an administrative assistant") will land your cover letter and your resumé in a pile. The one in the garbage, that is. You have about 20 seconds to impress so make sure you start impressing right from the start.

Keep your cover letters short and sweet. Employers don't need to know where you were born, what your favourite colour is and why you love salsa dancing (unless, of course, any of it is relevant to the job you’re applying for). Only state how your skills and experience fit the job you're applying to. Give employers a quick, well composed glance of who you are as an employee. It will increase the chance that they will move onto your resumé instead of tossing your application in the can.

How difficult is it to find out the name of the hiring person? Usually you can call the place you're applying to and ask who is in charge of hiring. Sometimes it will be your future boss, other times it will be a human resources representative. No matter who it is, do get an actual name if it's possible (hint: look at their website!). Make sure you spell it correctly (ask if you're not sure) and have the right title. A personalized cover letter is much better than a lame: "To Whom It May Concern -- Dear Sir or Madam."